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Treating Ammonia Poisoning in an Aquarium
Similar to humans and all mammals, aquarium species produce certain nitrogen compounds by means of their continuous metabolic processes. Nitrogen compounds are toxic, but they dissipate through environmental processes. In the case of fish, the compounds result in ammonia, which isn’t a problem in their natural habitats by virtue of dilution. A freshwater body such as a stream or lake contains thousands or millions of gallons of water that ensure quick and effective dilution of ammonia particles. The water circulation and biochemistry of natural aquatic ecosystems ensures ammonia levels remain low and therefore not toxic. In aquarium tanks and ponds, it’s up to you to keep ammonia at the lowest level through various methods.
Understanding Ammonia Formation
In essence, ammonia is a byproduct of fish waste. Excretions, dead plankton, and uneaten fish food release proteins that will eventually decompose and break down, thus causing ammonia production. When ammonia levels rise, all species in the tank will suffer, and this includes fish, invertebrates, plants, algae, and even plankton. The ecosystem will become toxic when ammonia levels get out of hand.
Signs and Symptoms of Ammonia Toxicity
Since aquariums and ponds are closed ecosystems, fish keepers must apply a holistic approach when caring for their aquatic habitats. In other words, a single fish showing signs of ammonia poisoning should be thought of as a warning that the ecosystem and all species could be in danger. Some fish won’t be as sensitive as others. For example, goldfish are known to be extremely resilient, so they shouldn’t be considered a barometer. Angel fish are far more delicate, thus making them a more accurate species to determine dangerous ammonia levels. You have to look for reddish gills, lethargic behavior, buggy eyes, and prolonged swimming near the surface.
When Ammonia Poisoning Is More Likely to Happen
Some aquarists refer to ammonia poisoning as “new tank syndrome.” The reason for this description is that some beginners may not have properly established their tanks, thus creating an inadequate nitrogen cycle. It’s always better to take a methodic and gradual approach to establishing a new tank, which can be done by starting off with plants, introducing hardy fish, and adding a high-quality liquid bacteria like Microbe-Lift:.
There are faster methods to establishing a tank so species can be added in the same week you get your first tank. However, you’ll have to conduct water changes and keep a close eye on water quality.
Taking Care of Ammonia Poisoning
Although there are bottled solutions to remove ammonia from toxic tanks, this will only buy you time. The only true cure would be a complete water change, which is also rather hard on the fish. You can start with a partial water change along with bottled ammonia remover like Microbe-Lift, but you’ll eventually want to reestablish the tank and complete the nitrogen cycle. Follow these steps and remember to not add too many fish in the beginning, and of course avoid overfeeding. Also, asking questions from your local aquarium supplier is a good idea.
Avoiding ammonia poisoning is just one of the many aspects of properly caring for the aquatic life in an aquarium. To maintain your tank, you’ll need several key supplies. From aquarium controllers and monitors to LED lighting and beneficial bacteria, Aquatic Warehouse has everything you’ll need. Take a look at our website today, and give us a call at 858-467-9297 if you have any questions.